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11.
Ruipeng Luo Zhengyi Qian Lixin Xing Chunyu Du Geping Yin Shenlong Zhao Lei Du 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(37):2102918
Non-precious metal-based catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been extensively studied, among which the transition metal X-ides (including phosph-ides, sulf-ides, nitr-ides, and carb-ides) materials are emerging as promising candidates to replace the benchmark Ir/Ru-based materials in alkaline media. However, it is controversial whether the metal Xides host the real active sites since these metal Xides are thermodynamically unstable under a harsh OER environment—it has been reported that the initial metal Xides can be electrochemically oxidized and transformed into corresponding oxides and (oxy)hydroxides. Therefore, the metal Xides are argued as “pre-catalysts”; the electrochemically formed oxides and (oxy)hydroxides are believed as the real active moieties for OER. Herein, the recent advances in understanding the transformation behavior of metal Xides during OER are re-looked; importantly, hypotheses are provided to understand why the electrochemically formed oxides and (oxy)hydroxides catalysts derived from metal Xides are superior for OER to the as-prepared metal oxides and (oxy)hydroxides catalysts. 相似文献
12.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(6):3580-3586
Renewable electricity-powered hydrogen production is an attractive alternative to unsustainable industrial processes, but the large-scale implantation of such sustainable technology still requires efficient and noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for driving cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), especially under alkaline conditions. In this paper, CoP nanowire array was in-situ developed on porous graphite felt (CoP/GF) as a new 3D electrocatalyst in facilitating hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis. This CoP/GF presents outstanding HER activity, requiring a low overpotential of 130 mV to deliver a current density of 20 mA cm?2 as tested in 1.0 M KOH. Furthermore, this free-standing catalyst exhibits impressive long-term durability of up to 50 h under working conditions. 相似文献
13.
《Advanced Powder Technology》2022,33(12):103858
In this work, we have elucidated the pH-induced structural evolution of bismuth molybdate photocatalyst based on a hydrothermal synthesis route. With increasing the pH value of precursor solution, pure Bi2MoO6 was synthesized at pH 2–5, Bi2MoO6-Bi4MoO9 mixture was obtained at pH 7–9, pure Bi4MoO9 was obtained at pH 11, and pure α-Bi2O3 was derived at pH 13. The as-derived samples mainly present particle-like shapes but with different particle sizes (except the observation of Bi2MoO6 nanowires in sample S-pH9). The photocatalytic performances between the samples were compared via the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under irradiation of simulated sunlight. The Bi2MoO6 sample synthesized at pH 2 exhibited the highest photodegradation performance (η(30 min) = 89.8 %, kapp = 0.05007 min?1) among the samples. The underlying photocatalytic mechanism and degradation pathways of MB were systematically analyzed. Moreover, the photodegradation performance of the Bi2MoO6 photocatalyst was further evaluated at different acidic-alkaline environments as well as in degrading various color and colorless organic pollutants, which provides an important insight into its practical application. 相似文献
14.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(95):40340-40348
The enhancement in intrinsic catalytic activity and material conductivity of an electrocatalyst can leads to promoting HER activity. Herein, a successful nitrogenation of CoS2 (N–CoS2) catalyst has been investigated through the facile hydrothermal process followed by N2 annealing treatment. An optimized N–CoS2 catalyst reveals an outstanding hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance in alkaline as well as acidic electrolyte media, exhibiting an infinitesimal overpotential of ?0.137 and ?0.097 V at a current density of ?10 mA/cm2 (?0.309 and ?0.275 V at ?300 mA/cm2), corresponding respectively, with a modest Tafel slope of 117 and 101 mV/dec. Moreover, a static voltage response was observed at low and high current rates (?10 to ?100 mA/cm2) along with an excellent endurance up to 50 h even at ?100 mA/cm2. The excellent catalytic HER performance is ascribed to improved electronic conductivity and enhanced electrochemically active sites, which is aroused from the synergy and mutual interaction between heteroatoms that might have varied the surface chemistry of an active catalyst. 相似文献
15.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(49):21033-21043
Magnetron sputtered low-loading iridium-ruthenium thin films are investigated as catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction at the anode of the Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer. Electrochemical performance of 50 nm thin catalysts (Ir pure, Ir–Ru 1:1, Ir–Ru 1:3, Ru pure) is tested in a Rotating Disk Electrode. Corresponding Tafel slopes are measured before and after the CV-based procedure to compare the activity and stability of prepared compounds. Calculated activities prior to the procedure confirm higher activity of ruthenium-containing catalysts (Ru pure > Ir–Ru 1:3 > Ir–Ru 1:1 > Ir pure). However, after the procedure a higher activity and less degradation of Ir–Ru 1:3 is observed, compared to Ir–Ru 1:1, i.e. the sample with a higher amount of unstable ruthenium performs better. This contradicts the expected behavior of the catalyst. The comprehensive chemical and structural analysis unravels that the stability of Ir–Ru 1:3 sample is connected to RuO2 chemical state and hcp structure. Obtained results are confirmed by measuring current densities in a single cell. 相似文献
16.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(61):25595-25607
Electrolysis of water for producing hydrogen instead of traditional fossil fuels is one of the most promising methods to alleviate environmental pollution and energy crisis. In this work, Fe and F ion co-doped Ni3S2 nanoarrays grown on Ni foam substrate were prepared by typical hydrothermal and sulfuration processes for the first time. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation demonstrate that the adsorption energy of the material to water is greatly enhanced due to the doping of F and Fe, which is conducive to the formation of intermediate species and the improvement of electrochemical performance of the electrode. The adsorption energy of anions (F and S) and cations (Fe and Ni) to water in each material was also calculated, and the results showed that F ion showed the most optimal adsorption energy of water, which proved that the doping of F and Fe was beneficial to improve the electrochemical performance of the electrode. It is worth noting that the surface of Fe–F–Ni3S2 material will undergo reconstruction during the process of water oxidation reaction and urea oxidation reaction, and amorphous oxides or hydroxides in situ would be formed on the surface of electrode, which are the real active species. 相似文献
17.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(64):27516-27526
It is extremely desirable to develop high hydrogen evolution activity and stable visible-light-driven photocatalysts. The sluggish oxidation process and holes accumulation are the main obstacles to high catalysis activity and photo-stability. An efficient γ-NiOOH/ZnCdS photocatalyst was prepared by in-situ hydrothermal method. The γ-NiOOH nanosheets distribute on ZnCdS nanospheres surface and accelerate holes transfer. The hydrogen evolution rate is up to 48.60 mmol g?1 h?1 under visible-light illumination (λ = 400–780 nm), about 10.8 times of pure ZnCdS (4.50 mmol g?1 h?1) and 1.8 times of general β-NiOOH modified ZnCdS (27.40 mmol g?1 h?1). And apparent quantum yield of γ-NiOOH/ZCS-100 is up to 18.23% (400 nm). The carrier lifetime extends from 5.50 ns (ZnCdS) to 6.10 ns (γ-NiOOH/ZCS), examined by steady photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence. Moreover, the γ-NiOOH/ZCS photocatalyst has exhibited excellent photo-stability even after one-year of storage. The γ-NiOOH nanosheets can be an excellent co-catalyst on accelerating both holes transfer and oxidation process for high photo-stability and photo-activity. 相似文献
18.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(67):28782-28793
Highly-efficient and stable non-noble metal electrocatalysts for overcoming the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is urgent for water electrolysis. Biomass-derived biochar has been considered as promising carbon material because of its advantages such as low-cost, renewable, simple preparation, rich structure, and easy to obtain heteroatom by in-situ doping. Herein, Ni2P–Fe2P bimetallic phosphide spherical nanocages encapsulated in N/P-doped pine needles biochar is prepared via a simple two-step pyrolysis method. Benefiting from the maximum synergistic effects of bimetallic phosphide and biochar, high conductivity of biochar encapsulation, highly exposed active sites of Ni2P–Fe2P spherical nanocages, rapid mass transfer in porous channels with large specific surface area, and the promotion in adsorption of reaction intermediates by high-level heteroatom doping, the (Ni0.75Fe0.25)2P@NP/C demonstrates excellent OER activity with an overpotential of 250 mV and a Tafel slope of 48 mV/dec at 10 mA/cm2 in 1 M KOH. Also it exhibits a long-term durability in 10 h electrolysis and its activity even improves during the electrocatalytic process. The present work provides a favorable strategy for the inexpensive synthesis of biochar-based transition metal electrocatalysts toward OER, and improves the water electrolysis for hydrogen production. 相似文献
19.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(84):35790-35809
PEMFC system is a complex new clean power system. Based on MATLAB/Simulink, this paper develops a system-level dynamic model of PEMFC, including the gas supply system, hydrogen supply system, hydrothermal management system, and electric stack. The neural network fits the electric stack model to the simulation data. The effects of different operating conditions on the PEMFC stack power and system efficiency are analyzed. Combining the power of the reactor and the system efficiency to define the integrated performance index, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is introduced to optimize the power density and system efficiency of the PEMFC with multiple objectives. The final optimal operating point increases the power density and system efficiency by 1.33% and 12.8%, respectively, which maximizes the output performance and reduces the parasitic power. 相似文献
20.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(10):6700-6709
Water electrolysis is the most clean and high-efficiency technology for production of hydrogen, an ultimate clean energy in future. Highly efficient non-noble electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are desirable for large scale production of hydrogen by water electrolysis. Especially, exposing as many active sites as possible is a vital way to improve activities of the catalysts. Herein, a series of new hydrangea like composite catalysts of ultrathin Mo2S3 nanosheets assembled uprightly and interlacedly on N, S-dual-doped graphitic biocarbon spheres were facilely prepared. The unique structure endowed the catalysts highly exposed edge active sites and prominently high activities for HER. Especially, the optimized catalyst Mo2S3/NSCS-50 exhibited as low as 106 mV of overpotential at 10 mA/cm2 (denoted as ?10). The catalyst also showed low Tafel slope of 53 mV/dec, low electron transfer resistance of 34 Ω and high stability evidenced by the result that the current density only attenuated 11.7% after 10 h i-t test. The catalyst has shown broad prospect for commercial application in water electrolysis. 相似文献